2026年8月24日 / 美国东部时间晚上7:34 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（CBS News）
作者：梅根·塞鲁洛 记者，MoneyWatch栏目
梅根·塞鲁洛是总部位于纽约的CBS MoneyWatch记者，报道小企业、职场、医疗保健、消费支出和个人理财话题。她定期亮相CBS新闻24/7频道讨论其报道内容。
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贸易专家表示，特朗普政府对部分加拿大产品征收50%的关税可能会推高这些商品在美国的售价，但此次关税的覆盖范围较窄，不太可能引发更广泛的通胀飙升。
在6月底首次宣布的关税于贸易谈判破裂后于周六生效后，加拿大承诺将于9月8日开始对美国进口商品征收报复性关税。
经济学家表示，关税成本最终将由美国企业和消费者承担。例如，无党派组织税收基金会的研究发现，特朗普政府根据《国际紧急经济权力法》征收的关税——今年早些时候被最高法院推翻——在2025年使每个美国家庭平均损失1000美元。
这项针对加拿大商品的新50%关税是根据1930年《关税法》第338条制定的，该条款赋予白宫对歧视美国商业的贸易伙伴进口商品征收关税的权力。
但贸易律师、荷兰&奈特律师事务所合伙人、曾任美国贸易代表办公室副总法律顾问的帕特里克·奇尔德雷斯表示，尽管关税税率异乎寻常地高，但仅覆盖约5%的加拿大对美出口，并不构成“美国特别广泛的贸易行动”。
他说：“如果加拿大的报复性关税同样范围较窄，那么双方的关税都不会立即引发全经济范围的动荡，双方都可以在一段时间内承受这些关税。”
贸易律师表示，另一个可能阻止物价大幅上涨的因素是，企业往往不愿立即将关税成本转嫁给消费者，尤其是考虑到第338条关税的生效时长存在不确定性。
“企业采取了多种不同的方式来分摊或分担关税成本，以避免将成本转嫁给消费者，”安永贸易政策专家布莱克·哈登在接受CBS新闻采访时表示。
以下是目前在美国被征收50%进口税的部分加拿大主要商品类别。
酒类产品
白宫在《联邦公报》发布的一份文件中表示，2025年加拿大各省停止采购、分销和销售美国酒类产品，这是对美国产酒精饮料的不公平惩罚。
白宫数据显示，2025年3月至2026年2月期间，美国酒类对加拿大的出口下降了约81%，损害了企业和工人的利益。
新的50%关税适用于从加拿大出口到美国的啤酒、葡萄酒、苹果酒、皮斯科酒和森加尼酒、白兰地、朗姆酒、威士忌及其他烈酒。
乳制品
白宫还指出，与其他国家相比，加拿大对美国奶农存在歧视。作为回应，特朗普政府将对加拿大出口的牛奶、冰淇淋（包括粉状品种）以及其他“非固态”乳制品征收50%的关税。
纸张和木制品
美国还将对纸张和木制品征收50%的关税，其中包括冰淇淋和冰棒棍、压舌板、尖板条、立柱以及各类纸制品。
冰球装备
白宫的关税商品清单涵盖加拿大制造的冰球和曲棍球棒，以及与这些运动相关的其他装备。冰鞋不在此次新关税的征收范围内。
家居装饰和时尚用品
龟甲、生皮和马毛——常见的时尚和室内设计材料——将被征收50%的关税。各类服装也将被纳入新关税范围，包括针织和钩针连衣裙、厚夹克和防风衣、手套和连指手套以及其他日常服饰。
新关税还将适用于一系列加拿大出口商品，包括旗帜、装订材料、部分类型的吸尘器以及圣诞装饰品。
编辑：阿兰·谢特尔
Why Trump’s Canada tariffs are likely to have a modest impact on U.S. prices
August 24, 2026 / 7:34 PM EDT / CBS News
By Megan Cerullo Reporter, MoneyWatch
Megan Cerullo is a New York-based reporter for CBS MoneyWatch covering small business, workplace, health care, consumer spending and personal finance topics. She regularly appears on CBS News 24/7 to discuss her reporting.
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President Trump’s 50% tariffs on certain Canadian products could raise their prices in the U.S., but the narrow scope of the levies is unlikely to trigger a broader spike in inflation, trade experts said.
After the tariffs, first announced in late June, took effect on Saturday following a breakdown in trade talks, Canada pledged to impose retaliatory tariffs on U.S. imports beginning Sept. 8.
U.S. businesses and consumers end up bearing the cost of tariffs, according to economists. For example, research by the nonpartisan Tax Foundation found that Trump administration tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act — overturned by the Supreme Court earlier this year — cost Americans an average of $1,000 per household in 2025.
The new 50% levy on Canadian goods was enacted under Section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930, which grants the White House authority to impose duties on imports from a trade partner that is discriminating against U.S. commerce.
But while the tariff rate is unusually high, it only applies to about 5% of Canada’s exports to the U.S. and does not constitute “a particularly broad U.S. trade action,” said trade attorney Patrick Childress, a partner at law firm Holland & Knight and formerly assistant general counsel at the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative.
“If Canada’s retaliatory tariffs are similarly narrow, then neither set of tariffs would cause immediate, economy-wide upheaval, and both sides could live with them for some time,” he said.
Another factor that could deter sharp price hikes is that businesses are often reluctant to immediately pass along tariff costs to consumers, especially given uncertainty over how long the Section 338 levies will remain in effect, according to trade attorneys.
“Companies have taken a lot of different approaches to mitigate or share the cost of tariffs to try to avoid passing that on to the consumer,” Ernst & Young trade policy expert Blake Harden told CBS News.
Here are some of the main categories of Canadian goods now subject to a 50% import tax in the U.S.
Alcohol
The White House stated in a document published to the Federal Register that Canada unfairly penalized American-made alcoholic beverages when Canadian provinces in 2025 stopped buying, distributing, and selling U.S. alcohol.
From March 2025 through February 2026, U.S. alcohol exports to Canada fell by roughly 81%, harming businesses and workers, according to the White House.
The new 50% duties apply to beer, wine, cider, pisco and singani, brandy, rum, whisky and other spirits exported from Canada to the U.S.
Dairy goods
The White House also said Canada disadvantages U.S. dairy farmers compared with other countries. In response, the Trump administration is imposing 50% tariffs on Canadian exports of milk and ice cream, including powdered varieties, as well as on other “non-solid” dairy products.
Paper and wood products
The U.S. is also imposing a 50% levy on paper and wood products, including items such as ice cream and popsicle sticks, tongue depressors, pickets, posts and a variety of paper goods.
Ice hockey equipment
Canadian-made ice hockey and field hockey sticks, plus other equipment related to the sports, are included on the White House’s list of tariffed products. Skates are excluded from the new levies.
Home decor and fashion
Tortoise shell, raw hides and horse hair — common fashion and interior design materials — are subject to the 50% levy. A wide range of clothing, including knitted and crocheted dresses, anoraks and windbreakers, gloves and mittens and other wardrobe staples, is also subject to the new duties.
The new tariff will also apply to a range of Canadian exports, including flags, bookbinding materials, some types of vacuum cleaners and Christmas ornaments.
Edited by Alain Sherter
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