2026-08-14T12:48:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
作者：卡米洛·蒙托亚-加尔韦斯 移民事务通讯员
卡米洛·蒙托亚-加尔韦斯是哥伦比亚广播公司新闻的移民事务通讯员，其报道见于多个节目和平台，包括全国广播节目、CBS News 24/7、CBSNews.com以及该机构的社交媒体账号。
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更新于：2026年8月14日 / 美国东部时间中午12:49 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
在谷歌上添加哥伦比亚广播公司
美国司法部周五发布一份法律意见，授予美国军方更广泛的权力，可拘留被指控擅闯美国国防部控制区域的移民，这是特朗普总统南部边境打击行动的一部分。
这份来自司法部法律办公室的意见涉及美墨边境附近大片土地，第二届特朗普政府已将这些区域指定为“国家防御区”，以阻止非法入境。
根据长期存在的《波塞特·科米塔图斯法案》，军方通常被禁止在国内执法，但这些区域允许士兵拘留被指控进入禁止平民入内的国家防御区的移民。根据这一安排，司法部可以起诉在这些区域被捕的人员擅闯军事用地的罪名。
司法部在周五的意见中表示，军事人员可以逮捕那些离开国家防御区、尚未因擅闯被抓获的人员。
“总而言之，我们认定，利用军事人员在国家防御区外抓捕擅闯者不会违反《波塞特·科米塔图斯法案》，因为这有明确的法定授权，且符合指挥官传统保护性权力的军事目的，”司法部副部长助理威廉·海德在其意见中说道。
截至目前，特朗普政府已在亚利桑那州、加利福尼亚州、新墨西哥州和德克萨斯州沿南部边境设立了六个国家防御区。但周五的意见指出，军方已暗示未来可能会划定更多区域。
美国政府问责局制作的地图，展示美墨边境沿线的“国家防御区”。美国政府问责局
由于国家防御区包含大片看似不属于军事基地的土地，国防部在部分区域张贴了英语和西班牙语双语告示，警告该区域受管制，未经授权不得入内。
负责北美美军事务的美国北方司令部在其网站上表示，现役军人可以逮捕擅闯国家防御区的人员，并将其移交给相应的执法部门。
司法部自2025年4月起开始起诉在该区域被捕的人员，至今已追加起诉数百人。在国家防御区擅闯的具体指控通常包括违反军事安全条例、进入军事、海军或海岸警卫队用地，两项均为轻罪。此外还可能面临与越境相关的其他指控，这些指控与擅闯军事用地并无直接关联。
特朗普第二届政府就职初期，五角大楼就将美墨边境列为首要任务，宣布计划增派美军兵力。据国防部称，自那时起已有超过2万名军人赴边境执行部署任务。
该法律办公室的法律意见仅为咨询性质，不具备任何法律效力先例。
除了在南部边境借助军方力量，特朗普政府还几乎关闭了针对非法入境者的庇护制度。此次打击行动恰逢非法越境人数大幅下降。
根据边境巡逻队的数据，2025财年南部边境的移民逮捕人数不到24万，分别较2024财年和2023财年的150万和200万有所下降。2026财年这一数字进一步下滑，截至还剩两个月时，边境巡逻队记录的逮捕人数为8.1万。
Justice Department expands military’s power to detain migrants accused of trespassing
2026-08-14T12:48:00-0400 / CBS News
By Camilo Montoya-Galvez Immigration Correspondent
Camilo Montoya-Galvez is the Immigration Correspondent at CBS News, where his reporting is featured across multiple programs and platforms, including national broadcast shows, CBS News 24/7, CBSNews.com and the organization’s social media accounts.
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Updated on: August 14, 2026 / 12:49 PM EDT / CBS News
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The Justice Department on Friday issued a legal opinion giving the U.S. military broader powers to detain migrants accused of trespassing in areas that the Department of Defense controls as part of President Trump’s crackdown at the southern border.
The opinion from the Justice Department’s Office of Legal Counsel concerns large swaths of land near the U.S.-Mexico border that the second Trump administration has designated as “National Defense Areas” for the purposes of deterring illegal immigration.
While the military is generally prohibited from enforcing laws on domestic soil under the longstanding Posse Comitatus Act, the zones have allowed soldiers to detain migrants accused of entering the national defense areas, which are closed to civilians. The arrangement has allowed the Justice Department to prosecute those arrested in the zones for trespassing on military land.
In its opinion Friday, the Justice Department said military personnel can arrest individuals who leave national defense areas before they can be apprehended for trespassing.
“In sum, we conclude that the use of military personnel to arrest trespassers just outside of an NDA would not violate the [Posse Comitatus Act], given the express statutory authorization and the military-purpose of a commander’s traditional protective power,” Deputy Assistant Attorney General William Hyde said in his opinion.
The Trump administration has so far set up six national defense areas along the southern border, in Arizona, California, New Mexico and Texas. But Friday’s opinion said the military has suggested it may designate additional zones in the future.
A map from the Government Accountability Office showing “National Defense Areas” along the U.S.-Mexico border. Government Accountability Office
Since the national defense areas encompass wide strips of land that might not appear to be part of a military base, the Defense Department in some areas has put up signs in both English and Spanish warning that the area is restricted and unauthorized entry is prohibited.
U.S. Northern Command, which oversees U.S. military forces in North America, has said on its website that military service members can apprehend those who trespass onto one of the national defense areas and transfer them to the appropriate law enforcement authorities.
The Justice Department began charging individuals who were apprehended in April 2025 and since then has charged hundreds more. The specific charges for trespassing a national defense area are most commonly violating a military security regulation and entering military, naval or Coast Guard property, both of which are misdemeanors. There can also be other charges associated with crossing the border that aren’t directly related to trespassing onto military land.
The Pentagon made the U.S.-Mexico border its first mission during the initial days of President Trump’s second term by announcing plans to ramp up U.S. forces there. Since then, the Defense Department says more than 20,000 service members have served deployments on the border.
The OLC’s legal opinion is advisory only and does not set any legal precedent.
In addition to enlisting the military’s help at the southern border, the Trump administration has virtually closed the asylum system for those entering the U.S. illegally. The crackdown has coincided with a dramatic drop in illegal crossings there.
In fiscal year 2025, Border Patrol reported fewer than 240,000 migrant apprehensions along the southern border, down from 1.5 million and 2 million in fiscal years 2024 and 2023, respectively, according to agency data. The number has fallen even more in fiscal year 2026, with Border Patrol recording 81,000 apprehensions, with two months left.
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