2026-08-13T12:56:00-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（CBS News）
作者：梅根·塞鲁洛 记者，MoneyWatch频道
梅根·塞鲁洛是总部位于纽约的CBS MoneyWatch记者，报道小企业、职场、医疗保健、消费者支出和个人理财话题。她定期在CBS新闻24/7频道讨论自己的报道内容。
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更新时间：2026年8月13日 / 美国东部时间下午1:59 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻（CBS News）
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最新研究显示，减肥药或可帮助失业女性找到工作。
哈佛大学经济学家丽贝卡·戴蒙德在近日发表于美国国家经济研究局的一篇论文中指出，与那些希望使用减肥药但尚未开始服用的女性相比，服用GLP-1类药物减肥的失业女性在服药18个月后的就业率提升了27个百分点。
现有研究已证实存在不成比例地影响超重女性的“肥胖惩罚”现象：这类女性往往薪资更低，结婚或与伴侣同居的可能性也更低。戴蒙德还发现，开始服用减肥药的女性在服药18个月后，结婚和同居率提升了29个百分点。
戴蒙德在近期发表的论文中指出，尽管这些发现表明使用GLP-1类药物可以影响女性的经济或社会结果，但没有证据表明这类药物能帮助已在职女性通过加薪或晋升实现职业发展。她没有立即回复记者的置评请求。
戴蒙德写道，该研究还提出了谁有资格使用GLP-1类药物的问题，因为早期使用者往往“在经济上占据不成比例的优势”。
“如果医疗减肥方式能够改变女性在市场中的待遇，那么获得这类药物的不平等机会，也可能决定谁能规避与体型相关的社会和经济惩罚，”戴蒙德写道。“将医疗手段作为歧视问题的可能解决方案，这一点也令人不安。”
什么是“女性肥胖惩罚”？
现有研究表明，肥胖女性在劳动力市场中会遭受歧视。与体重较轻的同龄人相比，她们往往薪资更低，首次面试后的回电率也更低。
GLP-1类药物可以为超重女性改变这一现状，如今越来越多的女性明确为了瘦身而服用这类药物。戴蒙德的数据显示，截至2024年底，6%的美国女性已经开始为瘦身服用GLP-1类药物。她指出，有肥胖史的女性用药比例更高，其中9%的人曾借助这类药物减肥。
戴蒙德利用“美国认知研究”（一项针对美国成年人的全国代表性调查）的数据，将开始服用GLP-1类药物减肥的失业女性与尚未寻求此类治疗的女性进行了对比。
“基线时未就业的女性也会重新进入职场，”她在论文中说道，并补充称，随着求职者体重减轻，就业增长会持续累积。就业增长主要来自失业后找到工作的人群，而非从退休或残障状态中重返职场的人。
相比之下，研究发现，已经在职的女性开始服用GLP-1类药物后，职场表现并未出现提升，她们的职业轨迹可能还受到其他诸多因素的影响。换言之，肥胖惩罚在求职面试阶段最为显著，一旦入职后，这种影响就会减弱。
编辑：艾米·皮奇
收录于：
- GLP-1
Can taking weight-loss drugs help you get hired? Yes, if you’re a woman.
2026-08-13T12:56:00-0400 / CBS News
By Megan Cerullo Reporter, MoneyWatch
Megan Cerullo is a New York-based reporter for CBS MoneyWatch covering small business, workplace, health care, consumer spending and personal finance topics. She regularly appears on CBS News 24/7 to discuss her reporting.
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Updated on: August 13, 2026 / 1:59 PM EDT / CBS News
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Taking weight-loss drugs could help unemployed women get a job, according to new research.
Unemployed women taking GLP-1 medications to lose weight saw a 27 percentage point increase in employment after 18 months of use, compared with women who want to use the drugs but haven’t done so, Harvard economist Rebecca Diamond said in a recent paper published by the National Bureau of Economic Research.
The data adds to an existing body of research documenting an “obesity penalty” disproportionately affecting heavier women, who tend to earn less and who are less likely to marry or live with a partner. Women who started taking the drugs saw their marriage and cohabitation rates rise by 29 percentage points after 18 months of using a GLP-1 treatment, Diamond also found.
Although such findings suggest that GLP-1 usage can affect economic or social outcomes for women, there’s no evidence that the drugs helped already employed women advance in their careers by earning a raise or promotion, noted Diamond, who didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment.
The research also raises questions about who can access GLP-1 drugs, given that early adopters tend to be “disproportionately financially advantaged,” she wrote.
“If medical weight loss changes how women are treated in markets, then unequal access to the drugs may also shape who can avoid the social and economic penalties attached to body size,” Diamond wrote. “It is also unsettling to think about using medical treatment as a possible remedy for discrimination.”
What is the “female obesity penalty”?
Existing research shows that obese women face discrimination in the labor market. They tend to earn less money and receive fewer callbacks after first interviews than their lighter peers do.
GLP-1s can change that reality for heavier women, who are increasingly turning to the drugs expressly to slim down. By the end of 2024, 6% of U.S. women had started using a GLP-1 for the purpose of slimming down, according to Diamond, who notes that uptake is greater among women with a history of obesity, 9% of whom had turned to the drugs to lose weight.
Diamond used the Understanding America Study, a nationally representative survey of U.S. adults, to compare jobless women who start a GLP-1 regimen to lose weight with those who have not yet sought such treatment.
“Women not employed at baseline also move into work,” she said in the paper, noting that employment gains accumulate as job candidates shed weight. Workers who were unemployed and found jobs accounted for most of the employment gains, rather than people who returned from retirement or disability.
By contrast, already employed women who start taking GLP-1s don’t see a boost at work, with their career trajectories likely reflecting a number of other factors, the study found. In other words, the obesity penalty is strongest during the job interview process and less prevalent once someone is in the workplace.
Edited by Aimee Picchi
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