2026年7月30日 / 美国东部时间早上6:00 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
作者：艾玛·尼科尔森
特朗普政府周四重申其观点，即中国据称窃取数百万美国选民登记文件的行为属于选举干预——这一指控是特朗普总统两周前在黄金时段演讲中提出的。
白宫在一份由中央情报局、国家安全局、国土安全部和国家情报总监办公室批准的情况说明书中表示，中国窃取的选民文件“包含未公开的数据”。
该情况说明书未具体说明被盗取的私人信息内容，也未提及受影响的州。一名政府官员告诉记者，美国情报界认为中国通过购买、窃取或黑客攻击获取了这些文件，但无法确认其中有多大比例是通过这些手段获得的。
白宫还表示，中国网络行为者在2022年“获取了存储在商业网站上的选民登记数据”。
中国收集了2.2亿份美国选民登记文件的指控最早于本月初浮出水面，当时特朗普解密了一批情报记录，并将其作为证据，称美国选举系统“存在灾难性缺陷”。
多年来，特朗普一直试图质疑2020年大选的结果，当时他输给了前总统乔·拜登，且毫无证据地声称大选存在舞弊。2021年，情报机构评估认为，中国及其他外国并未试图干预2020年大选的技术层面，包括选民登记流程。
特朗普本月早些时候称中国窃取选民名册是“历史上最严重的选举数据泄露事件”。这一说法遭到选举专家的反驳，他们指出，在许多州，选民登记文件是公开且易于获取的，获取选民名册并不一定能让外国行为者干预投票过程。
每个州关于哪些选民数据可以公开的规定略有不同。例如，一些州会免费公布登记选民的电话号码和出生日期，而另一些州则将这些信息保密。
这名政府官员表示，中国的相关行动持续了数年，2020年从18个州获取了数千万份文件，到2023年已达到2.2亿份。
该官员表示，网络安全与基础设施安全局曾讨论过是否应向文件被访问的美国人发布受害者通知。
目前尚不清楚中国打算如何使用这些选民数据。美国国家情报官员（网络问题）2020年的一份评估报告称，中国情报机构“分析了美国多个州的……选举选民数据”，并打算“对2020年美国大选开展民意分析”。该文件于四年前解密，但有大量内容被编辑。
白宫周四辩称，外国势力还可能利用选民数据从事“恶意活动”。其情况说明书援引了美国国家情报官员（网络问题）本月初发布的另一份2020年备忘录，该备忘录警告称，能够访问选民登记系统的对手可能“篡改数据”，以“阻止个别选民或选民群体投票”。该备忘录称，目前尚不清楚是否有任何国家“制定了操纵选举相关系统的具体计划”。选举专家表示，公开的选民文件无法用于修改登记记录。
2020大选后，国家情报委员会评估认为，包括中国在内的任何外国行为者都未试图篡改选民登记、投票、计票或2020年大选进程的任何其他“技术层面”。
不过，关于中国是否试图影响大选以帮助某一方获胜存在一些争议。根据国家情报委员会的评估，大多数情报机构认为中国持观望态度，但美国国家情报官员（网络问题）持少数观点，认为北京方面试图通过社交媒体帖子等手段破坏特朗普的竞选活动。
中国方面否认试图干预美国选举。
中国驻华盛顿大使馆本月早些时候告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，中方“一贯坚持不干涉别国内政的原则”。
White House levels new allegation that China swept up voter data
July 30, 2026 / 6:00 AM EDT / CBS News
By Emma Nicholson
The Trump administration on Thursday reiterated its view that China’s alleged efforts to collect millions of American voter registration files constituted election interference — an allegation leveled by President Trump in a primetime address two weeks ago.
The White House said the voter files that were swept up by China “included non-publicly available data,” in a fact sheet approved by the CIA, National Security Agency, Department of Homeland Security and Office of the Director of National Intelligence.
The fact sheet did not specify what private information was obtained or which states were impacted. An administration official told reporters the U.S. intelligence community believes China purchased, stole or hacked files, but it cannot confirm what percentage was taken through those methods.
The White House also said Chinese cyber actors “acquired voter registration data stored on commercial websites” in 2022.
The allegation that China collected 220 million U.S. voter registration files first emerged earlier this month, when Mr. Trump declassified a trove of intelligence records that he presented as evidence the U.S. election system falls “catastrophically short.”
The president has sought for years to challenge the results of the 2020 election, which he lost to former President Joe Biden and has alleged — without evidence — was rigged. Intelligence agencies assessed in 2021 that China and other foreign countries did not try to interfere in technical aspects of the 2020 election, including voter registration processes.
Mr. Trump earlier this month called China’s collection of voter rolls “the largest compromise of election data in history.” That drew pushback from election experts, who noted that voter registration files are public and easily accessible in many states, and obtaining voter rolls would not necessarily allow foreign actors to interfere with the voting process.
Every state has slightly different rules for what voter data is public. For example, some states freely release the phone numbers and dates of birth of registered voters, while others keep them confidential.
China’s effort lasted several years, the administration official said, with China obtaining tens of millions of files from 18 states in 2020 and 220 million files by 2023.
The official said the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Administration discussed whether the government should release victim notifications for Americans whose files were accessed.
Exactly how China intended to use the voter data is unclear. A 2020 assessment by the National Intelligence Officer for Cyber Issues (NIO-Cyber) said Chinese intelligence “analyzed multiple US states’ … election voter data” and intended to “conduct public opinion analysis on the 2020 US general election.” The document was declassified four years ago but is heavily redacted.
The White House argued Thursday that foreign powers could also carry out “malign activities” with voter data. Its fact sheet pointed to another newly released 2020 memo by NIO-Cyber that warned adversaries with access to voter registration systems could “alter data” to “prevent individual voters or groups of voters from voting.” That memo said it wasn’t clear whether any countries had “specific plans to manipulate election-related systems.” Election experts have said public voter files cannot be used to modify registration records.
After the 2020 election, the National Intelligence Council assessed that no foreign actors — including China — attempted to alter voter registrations, the casting of ballots, vote counting or any other “technical aspect” of the 2020 election process.
There was some debate, however, over whether China tried to influence the election to help one side win. Most intelligence agencies believed China stayed on the sidelines, according to the National Intelligence Council’s assessments, but the NIO-Cyber offered a minority view that Beijing tried to undermine the Trump campaign through efforts like social media posts.
China, for its part, has denied attempting to meddle in U.S. elections.
The Chinese Embassy in Washington, D.C., told CBS News earlier this month it has “all along adhered to the principle of non-interference in others’ internal affairs.”
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