2026-07-29T07:00:09-0400 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
作者
2026年7月29日 / 美国东部时间早上7:00 / 哥伦比亚广播公司新闻
长期以来，我一直深信肠道与大脑之间存在重要关联，如今已有科学研究证实营养可以帮助治疗多种疾病。
特里莎·帕里查博士是获得双重认证的内科医生和胃肠病学家，她担任肠道与大脑研究所所长，同时也是哈佛医学院助理教授。你可能在《华盛顿邮报》上见过她——她是该报“咨询医生”专栏的作者。
“我认为真正能让人转变观念的是，不要再把肠道当成管道，而是把它当作另一个大脑，”帕里查在最新一期《Healthful》节目中对我说。
我们的话题涵盖了感染圆孢子杆菌后该如何处理，以及减少食用超加工食品为何能预防痴呆。以下是我从这次对话中学到的内容——你可以在YouTube上观看完整节目，也可以在任意播客平台收听：
便秘和REM睡眠障碍可能是帕金森症的早期征兆
研究人员在寻找帕金森症的早期症状方面取得了重大进展，这些症状可能比运动症状早数十年出现。帕里查解释了帕金森症的“肠道起源理论”，即专家认为部分帕金森症病例起源于肠道，而非大脑。
她解释说，帕金森症的一个典型特征是错误折叠的蛋白质会破坏大脑中产生多巴胺的神经元，从而引发我们熟知的震颤症状。研究表明，这种蛋白质可能首先在肠道内出现错误折叠，随后才转移到大脑。
帕里查表示，她接诊的许多帕金森症患者都经历过“使人衰弱的胃肠道症状”，从便秘到恶心，这些症状早在震颤出现数年甚至数十年前就已出现。她希望在10到15年内，我们能够通过肠道样本诊断前驱期帕金森症。
另一个潜在的帕金森症早期征兆是REM睡眠障碍，表现为“梦境过于逼真，以至于你可能会开始做出动作”。
GLP-1受体激动剂或可真正保护肠道
这听起来可能有违直觉：你曾听说过GLP-1受体激动剂的副作用，比如便秘、恶心和消化不良。但帕里查表示，她的实验室研究表明，使用GLP-1受体激动剂的患者患溃疡的概率更低，患结直肠癌以及其他十多种癌症的风险也更低。
帕里查说，研究人员认为GLP-1受体激动剂能够减轻肠道乃至全身的炎症，从而降低癌症风险。
95%的美国人未达到膳食纤维摄入标准
这个数字让我十分震惊。
膳食纤维有助于改善心脏和大脑健康，同时减轻炎症。但帕里查指出，95%的美国人都未达到每日膳食纤维摄入标准。
50岁以下的女性每日应摄入25克膳食纤维，50岁以上的女性每日应摄入21克。与此同时，50岁以下的男性每日应摄入38克，50岁以上的男性每日应摄入30克。
帕里查建议，人们不必减少或替换餐盘里的原有食物，只需在餐食中添加一份高纤维食物即可。（她早餐会给孩子们准备浆果、坚果和希腊酸奶冰棒。）外出旅行时，记得带上膳食纤维补充剂，以维持充足的膳食纤维摄入。
肠脑秘密：你身体比你先知道的事
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/healthful-norah-odonnell-07282026-episode-3/
The gut’s link to Parkinson’s — and more takeaways from this week’s “Healthful”
2026-07-29T07:00:09-0400 / CBS News
By
July 29, 2026 / 7:00 AM EDT / CBS News
I’ve long been obsessed with the idea that there is an important connection between your gut and your brain, and now there’s science to confirm that nutrition can help treat many diseases.
Dr. Trisha Pasricha is a double board-certified internal medicine physician and gastroenterologist. She’s the head of the Gut-Brain Institute and an assistant professor at Harvard Medical School. And you may know her from The Washington Post, where she’s the “Ask a Doctor” columnist.
“I think the reframe that really helps is if you stop thinking about your gut as plumbing, you think about it as a brain,” Pasricha told me in the newest episode of “Healthful.”
We covered everything from what to do if you get a cyclospora infection to why eating fewer ultra-processed foods can prevent dementia. Here’s what I learned from our conversation — watch it on YouTube and listen wherever you get your podcasts:
Constipation and REM sleep disorder could be early signs of Parkinson’s
Researchers have made significant progress in finding early symptoms of Parkinson’s disease that could show up decades before motor symptoms. Pasricha explained the “first-gut theory” of Parkinson’s disease, which is that experts believe some cases of Parkinson’s originate in the gut, not the brain.
A hallmark of Parkinson’s, she explained, is a misfolded protein that destroys dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, leading to the tremors we associate with the disease. Studies have shown that this protein may start misfolding first in the gut before traveling to the brain.
Pasricha said many of her Parkinson’s patients suffer from “debilitating GI symptoms” from constipation to nausea, which started years or decades before their tremors. She said she hopes that in 10-15 years, we’ll be able to diagnose prodromal Parkinson’s from the gut.
Another potential early sign of Parkinson’s: REM sleep disorder, where “your dreams are so vivid that you might start to move.”
GLP-1s may actually protect your gut
It may sound counterintuitive: You’ve heard about GLP-1 side effects like constipation, nausea and indigestion. But Pasricha says her lab showed that GLP-1 users are less likely to develop ulcers and are less likely to develop colorectal cancer, as well as a dozen other cancers.
Pasricha said researchers believe that GLP-1s reduce inflammation in the gut and throughout the body, hence the reduced risk of cancers.
95% of Americans are not meeting their fiber goals
This number shocked me.
Fiber improves your heart health and brain health while reducing inflammation. But Pasricha says 95% of Americans aren’t meeting their fiber goals.
Women under 50 should aim for 25 grams of fiber per day, and women over 50 should get 21 grams of fiber per day. Meanwhile, men under 50 should aim for 38 grams and should get 30 grams per day over the age of 50.
Pasricha says she advises people not to take away or substitute something on their plate but instead to just add a high-fiber food to your plate. (She feeds her kids berries, nuts and Greek yogurt popsicles for breakfast.) And when you’re traveling, remember to pack a fiber supplement to keep your fiber intake high.
Gut-Brain Secret: What Your Body Knows Before You Do
https://www.cbsnews.com/video/healthful-norah-odonnell-07282026-episode-3/
发表回复